Carburetor



i and inprder toob Patented May 29, 1928.

riesame? i 1 Appiieuniuea march ialieaaseriariia eaiosayamifmrr'anfe'aanuari "241, 192351152 y "rias invention remesa intens fior praducing,` as completely "as possible, an "emiillsion of` air .and fueliinthe carburetor of`eir`l plosioir or internalcoiribhstion engines, andhas for its object to suppl' posedof extremely'lline fli'op's suspriddinair, and further to enableftheiiiixturetohe adj usted* to the "mostifavourableproportions to' obtain, perfectcombustion: `1 3*" Y j i .i Inexisting carb retorfl theproportioning of the i mixturefof' air? andfuel; for example petrol, is easil eiectedfup lto `a?certainl po'int;but` the chief i efect isfin-l coiinactionL with"tlrie,l subdivision`.of the fel into 'tine "drops when the engine is'runniiigat alowangularveloc'L "ity andl developing torqueyparticui. lai-ly in,y directdrive" l'updiill, jthe throttle valve beingrwide open,"` Underlthesecondif tions, the velocity" of? the air inthe choke-tubej` round theioricei olfthefjetilspra noazl'ei is insuiicient` to ato'r'riizerthepetrol"` y y y, janylthlii xli esa'tisy factory results', itfisnece`ss`ary` oeiploy 'al richer mixture, with a consequent wastefof fueland sootingof the cylmrs Y,through the incomplete' combustion "dft `-e`Iiiisuiciently atomized fuel.` i

According to the present invention these drawbacks are obviated bypreparing a preliminary emulsionof fuel and air, causing this emulsionto flow into a stream of either fuel or air, thus forming a secondemulsion, of an extremely finely divided character, be- `tore mixingthis two stage emulsion, with air drawn in through the` choke tube ofthe carburetor.

The accompanying drawings illustrate, by way of example, two forms ofcarburetorsv for carrying out this method, Figure 1 being a verticalaxial section showing the invention applied to a carburetor ofthe ty edisclosed in French Patent No. 467,541. igure 2 a cross section ontheline 2`2 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a similar section, showing a modified construction, and

Figure 4 is apart-ial section through the 3 carburetor, showing anothermodification in `the arrangement of the air and fuel auxiliary passage.

The carburetor shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises, the duct -b leadingfrom the float chamber (not shown) a vertical connecting passageatterminating in a Wider passage c which opens into the` choke tube d ofthe hdriaolital1 passages g, hg". l y K y `witllfthis knownarrangement;tliefinvention anemulsion comi k and i me i veeg the oat c iamber. Thecurrent is reversed )sage a, and on entering the passage c meetsVcarbtirctorf is admittedftoytlieipassage c" through orificese,egannular spaces f, f andj i i In comparison frieeeafon are aow` miivelvetyA or the: niet will., be grama the pressure of the@ Llevel infVthe {Match-am# ber; vericoiintefrsL the air entering through theorifices Ywe, le, andthe "spaces fig @ndr e dtjicefs44 lapreliminaryemulsion!l latter* their"Hows,a througlrthehorizontalpafssageskv g, fgintothe Ipassagec an'd"encounters theu 7verticalistreitmfiE fieljissuih'gfirom the"`pas` Sagen. ThisL produces,therefore, a sieastmd'` emulsion, richerm fuel aridE inl ani extremelytine state `of -diyisibhg,whchilmixesil atf lthe outlet of the passagee, Wirthk aie i dra wn M1rn through thechoke tube d.

The more the speed of the engine increases,

themore rapid the flow of fuel through the wall z' and the smaller thevolume of fuel delivered b the passageih. i

At hig speeds the partial vacuum set up in the intake portion z' of thepassage a exceeds the ressure due to the fue] level in is "disltlin"uished bythe fact thata4 passagehl Y. extends romthe'intake` wall z' ofthepassage a andi openstart:y 7'A into the terminalj portion ofthefannularairfintakehf'il"i "Accordingj to t'lie invention, *theportions f short, and l therefore, the o u ielrisf' less"`thanfifa"`-andf h `haffalla lon`g the small' ,sectionall area off andfll.Consequently' `for al given `area,the

inthe passage h, which then supplies :air K coming in through the spacef. Y The air emulsi es the fue] below the part z', and this emulsion isdelivered by lthe pasanother portion of the'air coming from the space fand issuing by way of the passages g, g'. second emulsion of extremelyminute drops, is formed in the passage c and mixes, at the outlet ofthis passage, Witht-he air drawn inthrough the choke tube d.

In this second method of operating, the mixture is poorer thanin theformer stage, and it is precisely at high speeds that it is necessary toemploy alpoorer mixture.

On the other hand, the quality of the mix-l ture may bevariediat lowspeeds` as in the case ofhigh speeds, by modifying" the rela-p tive"diameters of the constricted sections 'of the passages hand a. In thismanner a llt) suitable adaptation of the device can be obtained forengines and motor cars of any type whatsoever.

e passage h therefore performs the dual role of a compensator, bysupplying fuel at low speeds, and of a restrictor, by supplyin air athigh speeds. y

n applyin the invention as represented in Fi ure 3, the fuel intakepassage a is connecte by passages b and m With'the fuel iioat chamber inthe usual manner. Instead of issuing round the orifice of the assage cin the choke tube d, air entering y way of. the passage n and space f isshut o at i o and passes into the passage `a vand,` the passalgles bi, cby way of the., auxiliary passage and the passages g, g', by means ofanarrangement analogous to that shown in Figures 1 and 2. Themethod ofoperating, as regards the circulation of air and fuel round the passagesa and h is analogous although, in genera, the4 arrangement ac` cordingto Figure-1 seems preferable.

The invention may, of course be applied.

to various types of carburetors. .t

Small ports t are provided at the upper.

part of the casing .s of the` atomizer; six of such ports for instanceor 11 suitable number may be arranged roun the periphery thereof. Theair entering the passage c and turning round the end portion ofthecasing a in the direction of arrow A causes a par tial vacuum abovethe upper opening of the ports t. Air is thus drawn into ports t in thedirectionof arrow B Fig. 1) with a certain velocity, and issuing from tabove the opening u of the casing, strikes the jet flowing out of thepassage c, thus causing a stillgreater division of the emulsion.

An atomizer for a carburetor including a choke (tube, a main fuelpassageway of comparativelylarge bore openin `at all times at one endinto said'chok'e tu l y and having through and opening into the latteratV a point between the `eonstritztad portion andv fa single constrictedportion intermediate its l lengt and a tube of la r diameter than salpassageway arran coaxially therethe outlet ofthe Way.. t In Vtestimonywligreo Ivhereunto aixmy Signature. v t,

` ALBERT JEAN DUCAMP.

